CBT is the most widely-used psychological treatment. It's a type of talk therapy offered by psychologists and many other mental health professionals.

CBT key features include:

• identifying troubling situations or conditions in your life

• becoming aware of your thoughts, emotions and beliefs about these problems

• identifying negative or inaccurate thinking or habits

• reshaping negative or inaccurate thinking or habits

• developing strategies designed to increase activity involvements and social engagement.

CBT is considered a short-term therapy, with the number of sessions ranging from five to 20.

The length of treatment will depend on how severe your symptoms are, how long you've had these symptoms, how quickly you make progress and how much support you receive from your family and friends.

ACT focuses on assisting individuals to fundamentally accept uncomfortable thoughts and feelings that can't be changed, and stop investing effort and energy into suppressing these, or ruminating and worrying about them.

A key technique here is combining the practice of mindfulness with self-acceptance to develop psychological flexibility.

EMDR is a type of exposure-based intervention that encourages the client to briefly focus on the trauma memory whilst simultaneously experiencing bilateral stimulation (typically eye movements), which is associated with a reduction in the vividness and emotion associated with the trauma memories. There is significant evidence that it is effective in reducing the impact on current functioning of a past highly-stressful or traumatic experience.

Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy is a type of therapy that involves a combination of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), meditation to teach the client to consciously pay attention to their thoughts and feelings in a non-judgemental way.

Interpersonal therapy is a brief therapy based on attachment and interpersonal theories. It focuses on resolving interpersonal issues that are causing mental health difficulties. The goals of IPT are therefore to improve the quality of a clients relationships and social functioning by resolving problems in four key areas.

• Unresolved grief - IPT can help clients move forward from the distress of losing a loved one.

• Role Transition - it can help clients manage difficult life transitions like divorce or retirement.

• Role dispute - it can help navigate difficult interpersonal relationships where there are differing views and expectations.

• Interpersonal deficits - sometimes the other three key areas are not appropriate but the client has a history of difficult interpersonal functioning that can be explored with IPT.

Solution-Focused Therapy is an empowering, goal-oriented approach that focuses on solutions rather than problems or symptoms. It is based on working with the client to identify how life would be different if the problems or symptoms that they are experiencing were reduced or gone. Based on this information, small, meaningful goals are created and a plan for working towards these goals is established.

Motivational interviewing is an evidence based approach designed to help people find the motivation to make positive behavioural changes. This client-centered approach is particularly effective for people who have mixed feelings about changing their behaviour.

Group therapy is a therapeutic approach that involves a small group of individuals coming together to address common concerns or challenges. In group therapy, individuals have the opportunity to share their experiences, thoughts, and emotions in a supportive and confidential environment.

Group therapy provides a unique setting for individuals to connect with others who may be facing similar issues, fostering a sense of belonging and validation. It offers the chance to receive feedback, gain different perspectives, and learn from the experiences of others.

Through the therapeutic process, individuals can develop self-awareness, improve interpersonal skills, and practice new coping strategies in a safe and supportive space. Group therapy can also offer a sense of community and mutual support, reducing feelings of isolation and promoting personal growth.

The group dynamic allows for the exploration of relational patterns and provides opportunities for individuals to develop healthier ways of relating to others. Overall, group therapy can be a powerful therapeutic modality that fosters healing, personal insight, and positive change.

Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP) is a behavioural therapy used to treat a variety of conditions, including anxiety, phobias, and eating disorders. It is considered the gold-standard treatment for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD).

ERP is designed to gradually reduce the anxiety that feeds obsessions and compulsions. One way in which this is thought to happen is through a process called habituation, whereby the client becomes less physiologically aroused by triggering stimuli or obsessions after being repeatedly and safely exposed to them.